First trial; Bashar al-Assad and his brother sentenced to death by Syrian court

Bashar al-Assad was convicted in this case of premeditated murder, torture, arbitrary detention, and crimes against humanity during the nearly 14-year Syrian war. After the advance of armed opposition forces and the fall of his regime, he fled Damascus and is now residing in Russia.


Maher al-Assad, Bashar al-Assad's brother, was also convicted by the same court of premeditated murder and torture, and sentenced to death. Atef Najeeb, Bashar al-Assad's cousin and former head of political security in the Daraa province, was also convicted in this case and sentenced to death.


The presiding judge stated that the available evidence and witness testimonies indicate that Bashar al-Assad, as the highest decision-making authority in the former Syrian regime, used state institutions to carry out these crimes.


Syria's civil war began in 2011 following the crackdown on anti-government protests. In the years that followed, the war left hundreds of thousands dead and forced millions to flee their homes.


The issued ruling falls within the framework of efforts by the government of Ahmed al-Sharaa, Syria's interim president, to pursue judicial accountability for charges related to crimes committed during Bashar al-Assad's rule. This is the first time since the fall of the Assad regime that a Syrian court has issued a judicial ruling against him.

A Syrian court on Tuesday, in the first judicial case against senior officials of Bashar al-Assad's regime following its collapse in December 2024, sentenced Syria's former president to death in absentia.

Hamoon Khamoosh

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